Know your medals: A collection of fun facts

Smallest golden nation
Liechtenstein became the smallest nation to produce an Olympic gold when Hanni Wenzel won the slalom in 1980.  She also won the giant slalom event.  

Five-in-one
American speed skater Eric Heiden holds the record for most gold medals in a Winter Olympics with five. He won every event he competed in during the 1980 Winter Olympics.

Medal rules
Concrete regulations for the development of medals were first established in 1978. According to the Olympic Charter, the prize medals must be at least 60 millimeters in diameter and three millimeters thick. The gold and silver medals must be made of 92.5 percent pure silver, and the gold medal must be gilded with at least six grams of gold. The medals must bear the name of the sport concerned, attached in a removable fashion to a chain or ribbon, which may be hung around the neck of a competitor.

Bjorn Daehlie is the most decorated Winter Olympian of all-time.

The Great One
Norwegian cross-country skier Bjorn Daehlie has won 12 medals at the Winter Games, the most by any Winter Olympian.

Golden girl
Speed skater Bonnie Blair holds the American record for most Winter Olympic medals with six.

Before her time
During the 1920 Ladies' figure skating competition, American Theresa Weld (who won bronze) was warned by the judges for making jumps "unsuitable for a lady," because her skirt rose to her knees.

Home-ice advantage?
Switzerland, in 1928, became the only host country to fail to win a medal at the Winter Olympics. Canada (1988), Yugoslavia (1984) and France (1924) join Switzerland as the only host countries to not win a gold during the Winter Games.

No medals?
The 1900 Paris Games remains the only Olympics where no medals were awarded. Instead, winners were given valuable pieces of art. 

Made of medal
Norwegian biathlete Ole Einar Bjoerndalen, who travels to Vancouver with nine Winter Olympic gold medals, has a chance to break the all-time record of 12, held by countryman, Bjorn Daehlie.

Golden boy
Short track speed skater Apolo Ohno has five Winter Olympic medals, tying him for most all-time for an American man. He can break away from Eric Heiden with a medal in Vancouver:

American specialties
The United States has won 78 Winter Olympic gold medals. Twenty eight have come in speed skating, 13 in figure skating and 12 in alpine skiing.

Winter four-peat?
No winter Olympian has ever won four gold medals in the same event.

High-five
The record for the most medals in a single Olympics is five, accomplished by eight different athletes. Most recently in 2006 by speed skater Cindy Klassen of Canada.

A 2010 Vancouver Olympic gold medal.

Heavy medal
The Vancouver Olympic medals are among the heaviest in the history of the Games. The medals are all of different weights, but the heaviest comes in at just over 20.3 ounces.

Worldwide winners
In total, 12 athletes have won Olympic medals while representing two distinctly different countries, although no athlete has done so in the Winter Games.

The youngest and the oldest
Kim Yun-Mi of South Korea, who at the age of 13 years and 83 days became the youngest gold medalist of all-time, was a member of the South Korean short track speed skating relay team that won the Women's 3000m relay at the 1994 Lillehammer Games. American bobsledder Jay O'Brien is the oldest gold medalist, winning the 1936 two-man event at the age of 48 years and 357 days.